54th NARECOM

Abstract:

This presentation highlights advanced phytotechnology using energy crops as an innovative and scalable solution for the rehabilitation of slightly contaminated, marginal soils, and brownfields. It presents key findings from the NATO SPS MYP G4687, NATO SPS MYP G6094, and the CORNET.

The research demonstrates the high potential of Miscanthus × giganteus (Mxg) as a resilient perennial bioenergy crop for phytotechnology applications. Mxg delivers a unique combination of ecosystem services, including efficient carbon sequestration, restoration of soil biological activity, improvement of soil structure, and the production of lignocellulosic biomass suitable for renewable energy and high-value bioproducts.

The synergistic effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs), plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), and waste-derived amendments (biochar, ash) are evaluated in soils contaminated with trace elements (TEs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Field-scale studies from post-mining land in the Czech Republic (Chomutov), post-military lands in Ukraine (Vorzel, Dolyna), and the United States (Fort Riley) provide robust evidence of improved plant establishment, enhanced biomass productivity, and significant recovery of soil ecosystem functioning.

Overall, the findings demonstrate that Miscanthus-based phytotechnology, integrated with biologically active, waste-derived amendments, represents a powerful nature-based solution for restoring degraded lands with the processing of biomass to bioproducts. This approach simultaneously strengthens climate change mitigation, supports circular bioeconomy pathways, and enhances the long-term ecological resilience of landscapes affected by industrial and military activities.